Pascal's law

The hydraulic law, also known as Pascal's law, states that if pressure is applied to a liquid in a closed container, then this pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and the magnitude of the pressure does not change.

Specifically, the formulation of Pascal's law reads: "If pressure is applied to a liquid in a closed container, then this pressure is transmitted equally to all points of the liquid, and the magnitude of the pressure does not change when acting on any point of the liquid."

This means that if the pressure increases in one place of the liquid, it will increase everywhere else equally, regardless of the shape of the container or the surface to which the pressure is applied. This principle is the basis for the operation of hydraulic systems, where the transmission of liquid pressure is used to perform work and movement.

The main formula for Pascal's law is:

P = F / A

Where: P is the pressure (in pascals or newtons per square meter - Pa/Nm^2), F is the force acting on the liquid (in newtons - N), A is the area on which this force is applied (in square meters - m^2).

This formula expresses that the pressure P in a liquid is equal to the ratio of the force F that acts on this liquid and the area A on which this force is applied. Thus, pressure is defined as the force acting on a unit area. According to Pascal's law, this pressure is transmitted equally in all directions in a closed container.