capacity (electronics)

In electronics, the term "capacitance" refers to a capacitor, an electronic component designed to store electrical energy in an electric field between its two conductive plates. A capacitor is a passive electronic component that has the ability to accumulate and store charge energy.

Definition of Capacitance: Capacitance is a physical quantity that measures a capacitor's ability to store charges. It is formally defined as the ratio between the stored charge (Q) and the voltage (U) between its plates. This definition can be expressed by the following relation:

C=QUC=UQ​

Capacitance is measured in units called farads (F). A farad is defined as the capacity at which a voltage of 1 volt is applied to a capacitor of size 1 farad, thereby storing a charge of 1 coulomb.

How to determine the capacitance of a capacitor:

Supply voltage: A capacitor is supplied with a certain voltage, which causes charges to accumulate on its plates. Voltage (U) is an important factor in determining capacitance because capacitance is directly proportional to voltage.

Charge measurement: After filling the capacitor with voltage, the charge (Q) stored on its plates is measured. This measurement can be carried out using a current measurement.

Calculation of capacitance: Capacitance (C) can be calculated according to the relationship C=QUC=UQ​, where Q is the charge stored on the plates and U is the voltage between them.

Capacitors come in a variety of sizes and capacitance values and are used in electronic circuits for a variety of purposes, including signal filtering, charge storage, voltage equalization, and other applications. They are essential components of electronic circuits and have important functions in maintaining their proper operation.